Tasirin ƙarfi da kuma bacin rai a kan da'irar aluminium
Aluminum da'irar samar da inganci an ƙaddara ta asali ta hanyar dangantaka tsakanin ƙarfin gami, m, da titin nakasa yayin zane mai zurfi, kadi, yin hatimi, ko ayyukan da yawa na aiki. A matsayin masana'antu suna tura bango na bakin ciki, mafi girman tsari, kuma mafi yawan cookware ko kayan aikin kayan aiki, sarrafa halayen injina na da'irar ya zama mahimmanci don tabbatar da ingantaccen samarwa da rage lahani.
1. Kayayyakin Injini waɗanda ke ayyana Ƙarfafawa
Maɓallin maɓalli na inji waɗanda ke yin tasiri ga haɓakawa sun haɗa da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa, karfin jurewa, elongation, index mai taurin zuciya, da anisotropy. Haɗin tasirin su yana ƙayyade ko da'irar aluminium na iya jurewa nakasar filastik ba tare da tsagewa ba, yi wauta, ko wuce gona da iri.
Masu kera sukan daidaita ƙarfi da ductility dangane da aikace-aikacen: cookware yawanci yana buƙatar babban ductility don zane mai zurfi, yayin da masu haskaka haske na iya ba da fifiko ga taurin kai da riƙe siffar.
Tebur 1. Manunonin Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Kayan Gida
| Dukiya |
Na Musamman Range (1xxx / 3xxx allura) |
Tasiri kan Samar da Hali |
| Ƙarfin Haɓaka (MPa) |
35-130 |
Maɗaukakin dabi'u suna haɓaka kwanciyar hankali amma suna rage zurfin zane |
| Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi (MPa) |
70-170 |
Yana goyan bayan tsattsauran tsari amma ƙarfin da ya wuce kima yana haifar da haɗari |
| Tsawaitawa (%) |
20-40% |
Alamar farko ta zurfin zane da iya juyi |
| n-daraja (Ƙarfafawa) |
0.15-0.30 |
Maɗaukakin ƙima suna rarraba iri iri ɗaya |
| r - darajar (Anisotropy) |
0.6– 1.0 |
Tasirin kunne da kaurin bango iri ɗaya |
2. Tasirin Ƙarfi akan Ƙirƙirar Ƙarfafawa
Ƙarfi yana ƙayyade yawan nauyin kayan da zai iya jurewa kafin samar da ko karaya. Duk da haka, mafi girma ƙarfi gami yana haifar da ƙalubale yayin kafawa:
- Suna buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi
- Suna nuna ƙananan ƙarfin shimfiɗa radial
- Suna ƙara ɓacin rai na gida a sasanninta
- Suna da ƙarancin juriya ga rashin daidaituwar kayan aiki
A cikin masana'antar dafa abinci, misali, yanayi mai ƙarfi kamar H14 ko H18 na iya haifar da fashewa da wuri yayin jujjuya ko zane mai zurfi sai dai idan an haɗa shi zuwa O-zazzabi.. Wannan yana tasiri kai tsaye aluminum da'irar kafa inganci a cikin aikace-aikace masu zurfi kamar su stockpots, murfi dafa abinci matsa lamba, ko gidaje masu nuna gobara.
3. Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa
Ductility shine ikon jurewa nakasar filastik ba tare da gazawa ba. Alloys masu ƙarfi kamar 1050-O da 3003-O ana amfani da su sosai saboda suna ba da izinin sake rarraba iri..
Ductility yana shafar kai tsaye:
- Zurfin zane mafi girma da za a iya cimma
- Ability don shimfiɗawa a cikin hadaddun kayan aiki geometries
- Crack juriya a kaifi radii
- Ƙirƙirar gudu (kadi da stamping hawan keke)
Rashin isassun ductility yawanci yana haifar da fashewar radial, orange-kwasfa effects, ko yaga bangon kofin. Ta hanyar bambanci, high ductility taimaka kula aluminum da'irar kafa inganci a duk lokacin da ake buƙatar samarwa.
4. Mu'amala Tsakanin Ƙarfi da Tsawaitawa
Ƙarfi da haɓakawa dole ne a daidaita su maimakon girma da kansa. Madaidaicin kafa taga ya bambanta ta aikace-aikace:
- High elongation + matsakaicin ƙarfi → Mafi kyawun kayan girki mai zurfi
- Matsakaici elongation + matsakaici / ƙarfin ƙarfi → Mafi kyau don datsa mota ko masu haskaka haske
- Ƙananan ƙarfi + high elongation → Hadarin rugujewa ko rugujewar siffa
Mills na zamani suna daidaita abun da ke ciki na gami, hanyoyin sarrafawa, da jaddawalin rufewa don ƙirƙirar haɗin gwiwar ƙarfin sarrafawa-ductility. Sakamakon bayanin martaba na inji yana tasiri sosai aluminum da'irar kafa inganci a daban-daban forming fasahar.
Tebur 2. Shawarwari na Bayanan Injini ta Aikace-aikace
| Aikace -aikace |
Mafificin Alloy/Zazzabi |
Ƙarfi (MPa) |
Tsawaitawa (%) |
Samar da Halaye |
| Zurfafa kayan dafa abinci (tukwane, kwanduna) |
1050-O / 1060-O |
Ƙananan-matsakaici |
35–40 |
Matsakaicin ƙarfin zane mai zurfi |
| Matsi murfi mai dafa abinci |
3003-O / 3003-H12 |
Matsakaici |
25-35 |
Kyakkyawan ma'auni na rigidity da drawability |
| Kadi don woks ko bowls |
1100-O |
Ƙananan-matsakaici |
30–40 |
Lalacewar nakasawa ƙarƙashin babban kadi mai sauri |
| Hasken haske |
1050-H14 |
Matsakaici - babba |
15–22 |
Gara tauri, rage hakora |
5. Abubuwan Ƙarfe Da Suka Shafi Ƙarfi da Ƙarfi
Halayen microstructural da yawa sun ƙayyade yadda da'irar aluminium ke aiki a ƙarƙashin kafa damuwa:
(1) Girman hatsi
Lafiya, hatsi iri ɗaya suna haɓaka elongation kuma suna rage kunne, ingantawa aluminum da'irar kafa inganci.
(2) Aiki-Hardening State
Kayan aiki mai sanyi yana ƙara ƙarfi amma yana rage ductility. Dace annealing mayar da formability.
(3) Alloying Elements
- Manganese (3jerin xxx) yana ƙara ƙarfi matsakaici
- Iron da silicon suna tasiri ga ilimin halittar hatsi
- Abubuwan da aka gano suna sarrafa halayen recrystallization
(4) Hannun Rubutu
Sarrafa nau'in crystallographic yana rage kunne kuma yana ba da rarraba kauri mai santsi.
6. Samar da lahani masu alaƙa da Ƙarfin Ƙarfi-Ma'auni mara kyau
Lokacin da kaddarorin injiniya suka faɗi a waje da mafi kyawun taga, lahani gama gari sun haɗa da:
- Fatsawa a radius na naushi
- Wrinkling kusa da flange
- Kwasfa ko delamination a lokacin kadi
- Fuskar bawo-orange ta haifar da ƙananan hatsi
- Kaurin bango mara daidaituwa
- Babban rabon kunne
Waɗannan lahani suna yin sulhu aluminum da'irar kafa inganci kuma kai ga mafi girma rates rates, kayan aiki lalacewa, da rashin zaman lafiya a cikin yawan samarwa.
7. Dabaru don Inganta Ingantattun Samfura
Masu kera zasu iya ɗaukar ayyuka da yawa don haɓaka daidaiton samfur:
Matakan da suka danganci kayan aiki
- Yi amfani da O-zazzabi don zane mai zurfi don haɓaka haɓakawa
- Tabbatar da annealing uniform don kawar da taurin gradients
- Zaɓi alloys waɗanda ma'auni mai ƙarfi-ductility ya dace da zurfin ƙirƙira
Matakan da suka danganci tsari
- Aiwatar da ingantaccen man shafawa don rage gogayya
- Yi amfani da matakan ƙirƙira a hankali maimakon zane mai zurfi guda ɗaya
- Daidaita mutu radii don rage damuwa maida hankali
- Kula da rarraba iri ta hanyar yin kwaikwayo
Matakan Kula da Inganci
- Yi gwaje-gwajen juzu'i ga kowane rukuni
- Bincika girman hatsi da daidaiton rubutu
- Waƙa da taurin a cikin nada
Waɗannan fasahohin suna haɓaka gaba ɗaya aluminum da'irar kafa inganci da rage haɗarin samarwa.
Ƙarshe
Ƙarfi da ductility sune mahimman abubuwan injiniya guda biyu waɗanda ke ƙayyade ko da'irar aluminum na iya jure wa hadaddun tsarin tsari ba tare da gazawa ba.. Ta hanyar inganta zaɓin gami, yanayin fushi, microstructure iko, da kafa sigogi, masana'antun na iya inganta sosai aluminum da'irar kafa inganci, rage lahani rates, kuma haɓaka aiki a cikin kayan dafa abinci, haskakawa, kayan lantarki, da aikace-aikacen masana'antu.
Abubuwan da'irar aluminum:
Aluminum da'irar ya dace da kasuwanni da yawa, ciki harda kayan girki, masana'antun kera motoci da haske, da dai sauransu., godiya ga kyawawan halaye na samfur:
- Ƙananan anisotropy, wanda ke sauƙaƙe zane mai zurfi
- Strong inji Properties
- Babban kuma daidaituwa zafi watsawa
- Ability don enameled, rufe da PTFE (ko kuma wasu), anodized
- Kyakkyawan tunani
- Babban ƙarfi-zuwa nauyi rabo
- Dorewa da juriya ga lalata
Tsarin Da'irar Aluminum
Ingot/Master Alloys — Narka wutar makera - Riƙe wutar makera — D.C. Caster — Wuri —- Scalper — Dandalin Rolling Hot - Mill Rolling Mill - Punching - Annealing Furnace — Binciken Ƙarshe - Shiryawa — Bayarwa
- Shirya babban allo
- Narka wutar makera: sanya gami a cikin tanderun narkewa
- DC watsa aluminum aluminum: Don sa uwar ingot
- Rufe murfin aluminum: don yin farfajiya da gefen santsi
- Tanderun dumama
- Abin birgima: ya sanya uwar murɗa
- Colding mirgina niƙa: an mirgine murfin uwa azaman kaurin da kuke son siyan
- Tsarin bugun: zama girman abin da kuke so
- Ƙona wutar makera: canza yanayin
- Binciken ƙarshe
- Shiryawa: akwati na katako ko pallet na katako
- Bayarwa
Ikon Kulawa
Tabbatarwa da ke ƙasa dubawa za a yi a cikin samarwa.
- a. gano hasken haske—RT;
- b. ultrasonic gwaji—UT;
- c. Gwajin Magnetic Barbashi-MT;
- d. gwajin shiga-PT;
- e. Gano aibi na yanzu-ET
1) Ka zama 'yanci daga Tabon Mai, Haushi, Hada, Scratches, Tabo, Discoloration Oxide, Karya, Lalata, Roll Marks, Datti Streaks, da sauran lahani waɗanda zasu kawo cikas ga amfani.
2) Surface ba tare da layin baki ba, yanke tsafta, tabo na lokaci-lokaci, nadi bugu lahani, kamar sauran ka'idojin Gudanar da ciki na gko.
Aluminum fayafai shiryawa:
Za a iya tattara da'irar aluminium ta ma'aunin fitarwa, sutura da takarda mai launin ruwan kasa da fim ɗin filastik. Daga karshe, An gyara zagaye na Aluminum a kan katako na katako / katako.
- Sanya driers gefen da'irar aluminum, kiyaye samfuran bushe da tsabta.
- Yi amfani da takarda filastik mai tsabta, shirya da'irar aluminum, kiyaye hatimi mai kyau.
- Yi amfani da takardan fatar maciji, shirya saman takardar filastik, kiyaye hatimi mai kyau.
- Na gaba, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na marufi: Hanya ɗaya ita ce marufi na katako, ta amfani da ɓawon burodin da ke tattara saman; Wata hanya ita ce marufi na katako, ta yin amfani da akwati na katako shirya farfajiya.
- Daga karshe, sanya bel na karfe a saman akwatin katako, kiyaye akwatin katako da sauri da tsaro.
Aluminum da'irar Henan Huawei Aluminum. hadu da fitarwa. Za a iya rufe fim ɗin filastik da takarda mai launin ruwan kasa a bukatun abokan ciniki. Menene ƙari, ana ɗaukar akwati na katako ko pallet na katako don kare samfuran daga lalacewa yayin bayarwa. Akwai nau'i biyu na marufi, waxanda suke ido da bango ko ido ga sama. Abokan ciniki za su iya zaɓar ɗayansu don dacewarsu. Gabaɗaya magana, akwai 2 ton a cikin fakiti ɗaya, da loading 18-22 ton a cikin akwati 1 × 20., kuma 20-24 ton a cikin akwati 1 × 40..
Me yasa zabar mu?
Domin tafiya da zamani, HWALU yana ci gaba da gabatar da yanayin kayan fasaha da fasaha don haɓaka gasa. Koyaushe riko da falsafar kasuwanci na inganci azaman cibiyar da abokin ciniki na farko, don samar da mafi kyawun samfuran da'irar diski na aluminum zuwa duk sassan duniya. Kara …
