Me yasa 5052 Aluminum Alloy fi so 3003 Don manyan motocin iska? – Cikakken Nazari Dangane da Daidaita Ayyuka da Bukatun Aikace-aikace​

​I. Shigowa da: Matsayin Aiki na Tankunan Jiragen Sama da Ma'anar Zabin Kayan Alloy na Aluminum​

Motocin iska (A kimiyance kimiya “Tanko da iska”) su ne ainihin tushen iko don abin hawa na kasuwanci, dakatarwar iska, da sarrafa kofa. Suna buƙatar jure wa matsi na aiki na dogon lokaci 0.8-1.2 MPa (tare da kaiwa ga kololuwar matsin lamba 1.5 MPa) da jure hadadden yanayin aiki: ① Lalacewar muhalli (ruwan sama, de-kankara gishiri, ƙurar masana'antu); ② Sauyin yanayi (-40°C zuwa 60°C, rufe yankunan sanyi zuwa wurare masu zafi); ③ Vibration da tasiri (cunkushewar hanya a lokacin sufuri mai nisa).

A cewar GB150.4-2011 “Ruwan Matsi – Kashi 4: Manufacturing, Dubawa, da yarda”, kayan don tankunan iska dole ne su cika buƙatu kamar “Ƙarfin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi ≥200 MPa, Ƙarfin Haɓaka ≥110 MPa, Tsawaitawa ≥12%”, kuma suna da kyakkyawan walƙiya da juriya na lalata. A kasuwan yanzu, 5052 aluminum da'ira ga manyan tankunan jirgin sama sun wuce 85% na jimlar kayan da ake amfani da su don tankokin iska na manyan motoci, yayin da yawan amfani da 3003 aluminum gami ya kasa da 5%. Ko da yake duka biyu ana amfani da tsatsa-hujja aluminum gami, me yasa yake da 5052 da'irar aluminum don tankunan iska na manyan motoci sun zama cikakkiyar al'ada? Wannan yana buƙatar bincike dangane da ma'anar daidaitawar aikace-aikacen abun da ke ciki-aiki.

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II. Bambance-bambancen Rubutu Tsakanin 5052 kuma 3003 Aluminum Alloys: Tushen Bambancin Ayyuka​

Duka alloys na cikin “tsatsa-hujja aluminum” category, amma su core alloying abubuwa da abun da ke ciki zane ne fundamentally daban-daban, kai tsaye kayyade tushen aikin su (yarda da GB/T 3880.1-2012 “Aluminum da Aluminum Alloy Plate, Shet, da Strip”):

• ​Core bambanci:​​ 5052 yana amfani da magnesium (Mg) a matsayin farkon ƙarfafa kashi, inganta inji Properties ta hanyar “m bayani ƙarfafawa.” A lokaci guda, chromium (Cr) yana tace hatsi kuma yana hana lalata intergranular, ba da samarwa 5052 da'irar aluminium don tankunan iska na manyan motoci don jure matsanancin matsanancin yanayi na lalata. 3003 yana amfani da manganese (Mn) a matsayin primary alloying element, samun ƙarfi na asali kawai ta hanyar “iri hardening,” ba tare da takamaiman ƙira mai jure lalata ba. Wannan bambance-bambancen abun ciki yana haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin mahimman kaddarorin uku na “ƙarfi, juriya na lalata, da weldability,” kai tsaye yana shafar amincin manyan tankunan iska.

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​Iii. Kwatancen Ayyuka na Core: Me yasa 5052 Yafi dacewa da Bukatun Tankin Jirgin Sama​

Abubuwan buƙatun don tankunan iska na manyan motoci ana iya taƙaita su azaman “uku highs da daya kwanciyar hankali”: ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ɗaukar nauyi, high lalata juriya, high waldi AMINCI, da kwanciyar hankali daidaita yanayin muhalli. 5052 da'irar aluminum don tankunan iska na manyan motoci sun yi fice 3003 gabaɗaya a cikin waɗannan matakai huɗu.

​​(1) Kayayyakin Injini: Babban Karfin 5052 Ya Cika Bukatun Matsi​

Kamar yadda tasoshin matsin lamba, tankunan iska suna buƙatar duka biyu “isasshen ƙarfi don tsayayya da matsa lamba na ciki” kuma “wasu filastik don ɗaukar tasiri.” Mabuɗin kwatancen dukiya na inji (H112, jihar wadata gama gari don tankunan iska):

• ​Mabuɗin Tasiri:​​
  1. Ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa 3003 (40-60 MPa) ya yi nisa ƙasa da buƙatun tanki (≥110 MPa). Ko da an ƙarfafa ta da aikin sanyi (e.g., H18 jihar), Ƙarfin amfanin gona yana ƙaruwa zuwa 110 MPa, amma elongation plummets zuwa 5%-8%, yin shi yiwuwa ga gaggautsa karaya karkashin vibration da kuma tasiri.
  2. Ƙarfin ƙarfi na 5052 aluminum da'irori ga manyan motoci iska tankuna (230-260 MPa) shine 1.8 sau da na 3003, yana ba shi damar jurewa “tasirin damuwa nan take” a kololuwar matsin lamba na 1.5 MPa. Gwajin da wani kamfanin kera motoci ya yi ya nuna: tankunan iska da aka yi daga 5052 Aluminum da'irori sun nuna babu nakasar filastik a cikin wani 1.8 MPa hydrostatic gwajin, yayin da 3003 tankuna sun buge a 1.3 MPa.

​​(2) Juriya juriya: The Anti-lalata Capability na 5052 Gudanar da Hadaddiyar Muhalli​

Hatsarin lalata ga tankunan iska na manyan motoci sun fito ne daga bangarori biyu: ① muhallin waje (CI- daga ruwan sama, de-kankara gishiri); ② Matsakaici na ciki (danshi a cikin matsewar iska yana samar da condensate acid). Kwatanta juriyar lalata tsakanin allunan biyu:

• ​Binciken Injiniya:​​
  1. Abubuwan da ke cikin C 5052 da'irar aluminum don tankunan iska na manyan motoci na iya samar da a “m Cr₂O₃-Al₂O₃ composite oxide fim” a farfajiya, hana CI- shiga ciki. Da bambanci, fim din oxide na 3003 shine farko Al₂O₃, kuma abubuwa na Mn sun saba warewa a iyakokin hatsi, accelerating intergranular lalata (Karkashin yanayin sanyi na cire ƙanƙara, 3003 tankuna yawanci suna zubowa a ciki 2-3 shekaru a matsakaita, yayin da tankunan da aka yi daga 5052 aluminium da'irori na iya dawwama 5-8 shekaru).
  2. Bayan walda, yankin da zafi ya shafa (Haz) na 3003 yana yiwuwa “manganese segregation,” rage juriyar lalata ta 50%. Da bambanci, HAZ ya 5052 aluminium da'irori suna riƙewa 85% na juriyar lalatarsa ​​saboda tasirin daidaitawar Cr.

​​(3) Ayyukan walda: A Welding Mutunci na 5052 Yana tabbatar da Tank Seal​

An yi amfani da tankunan iska na manyan motoci “submerged baka waldi” ko “TIG waldi.” Ƙarfin kabu na walda da rufewa kai tsaye suna tabbatar da amincin tanki. Kwatanta aikin walda tsakanin allunan biyu:

• ​Batutuwa Masu Aiki:​3003 yana da sauki “MnO₂ hada” a lokacin walda, haifar da high weld porosity. Bayan-weld “damuwa taimako annealing” (340-360° C, 2h) yawanci ana buƙata, karuwar farashi. Da bambanci, 5052 Da'irar aluminum don tankunan iska na manyan motoci na iya biyan buƙatun matsa lamba kai tsaye bayan walda ba tare da annashuwa ba. Bayanai daga masana'antar tanki sun nuna: da waldi pass rate amfani 5052 aluminum da'irori ya kai 98%, alhali shi ne kawai 82% domin 3003.

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​(4) Daidaitawar Muhalli: A Faɗin Zazzabi Range Aiki na 5052 ya fi Barga​

Motoci suna aiki a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na -40°C (yankunan sanyi na arewa) zuwa 60 ° C (lokacin rani na kudu). Kwatanta ƙananan zafin jiki da aikin zafi mai zafi tsakanin allunan biyu:

• ​Mabuɗin Tasiri:​Tasirin makamashi na 3003 a -40 ° C shine kawai 12J, sanya shi mai saukin kamuwa da shi “karaya mai ƙarancin zafin jiki.” Da bambanci, da low-zazzabi tasiri makamashi na 5052 da'irar aluminum don tankunan iska na manyan motoci sun kai 25J, ba shi damar jure matsanancin yanayin sanyi na yankin. Har ila yau, yana kula da riƙe ƙarfi mafi girma a yanayin zafi mai girma, guje wa haɗarin kumbura a ƙarƙashin fallasa lokacin rani.

​IV. Tabbacin Aikace-aikacen Aiki: Amincewa da Amfanin Tattalin Arziki na 5052 Tankuna;

​​(1) Kwatanta Rayuwar Sabis​

Binciken bayanan daga ƙungiyar abin hawa na kasuwanci akan tankunan iska na 1000 manyan motoci (yanayin aiki: yanayin gauraye hanya, ciki har da hanyoyin da gishiri ke cire ƙanƙara):

• ​Tankunan da aka yi daga 5052 aluminum da'irori ga manyan motoci iska tankuna:​Matsakaicin rayuwar sabis 7.2 shekaru, gazawar farko (yabo, lalata) ya faru a 5.8 shekaru.
• ​3003 tankuna:​Matsakaicin rayuwar sabis 3.5 shekaru, gazawar farko ta faru a 2.1 shekaru (da farko weld lalata yayyo).

​​(2) Ƙididdiga-Fa'ida​

Ko da yake farashin albarkatun kasa na 5052 aluminum da'irori ga manyan motoci iska tankuna (kusan. 26,000 RMB / TON) game da 23% sama da 3003 (kusan. 21,000 RMB / TON), la'akari da jimlar farashin rayuwa (fiye da shekaru 10 da za a yi aiki):

• ​Ƙarshe:​Kodayake farashin kayan farko na tankuna da aka yi daga 5052 Aluminum da'irori sun ɗan fi girma, saboda sauƙin sarrafawa, tsawon rayuwa, da ƙarancin gazawa, jimlar kudin rayuwa na shekaru 10 shine 45.7% kasa da na 3003 tankuna, yana nuna ingantaccen ingantaccen farashi.

​V. Iyakance na 3003 Dace da Aluminum Alloy: Me Yasa Bai Dace da Tankokin Jiragen Sama ba​

3003 ba ba “rashin aikin yi,” amma fa'idodinsa sun yi daidai da buƙatun tankunan iska na manyan motoci:

1. ​Ya dace da yanayin ƙananan matsa lamba:​​ 3003 za a iya amfani dashi don ƙananan tasoshin (≤0.3 MPa), kamar tankunan ajiyar ruwa mai tsarkake ruwa, amma matsin aiki na tankokin iska na manyan motoci (0.8-1.2 MPa) nisa ya wuce iyakar ɗaukar nauyi.
2. ​Ya dace da yanayin ƙananan lalata:​​ 3003 ana iya amfani dashi a bushe, Cl–wurare masu kyauta (e.g., matattarar tankuna masu ɗaukar iska), amma ba zai iya jure hadadden lalatawar waje da manyan motoci ke fuskanta ba.
3. ​Ya dace da sassan tsarin da ba matsi ba:​​ 3003 ana amfani dashi akai-akai don “m murfin waje” na tankunan iska (babu bukatar matsa lamba), amma ba zai iya zama kayan jikin tanki ba.A takaice, da “ƙananan ƙarfi, matsakaicin juriya na lalata” halaye na 3003 sun dace ne kawai don nauyin nauyi da yanayi mai laushi. The “babban matsin lamba, karfi da lalata, m zafin jiki kewayon” Bukatun tankunan iska na manyan motoci suna buƙatar “babban ƙarfi, high lalata juriya, babban kwanciyar hankali” aiki da goyan bayan 5052 aluminum da'irori ga manyan motoci iska tankuna.

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Vi. Ƙarshe: The Core Logic Behind 5052 Kasancewar Babban Material don Tankunan Jirgin Ruwa​

Abin da ake so don 5052 da'irar aluminum don tankunan iska na manyan motoci sun wuce 3003 da gaske tafasa kasa zuwa “daidai madaidaicin kayan kaddarorin zuwa buƙatun aikace-aikacen”:

1. ​Daidaiton Ayyuka:​The high ƙarfi (Mai zafi: 230-260 MPa) na 5052 da'irorin aluminum sun cika buƙatun matsa lamba; high lalata juriya (gishiri fesa lalata kudi ≤0.02 mm / shekara) yana sarrafa mahalli masu rikitarwa; kyakkyawan weldability yana tabbatar da hatimi.
2. ​Daidaita Tattalin Arziki:​Jimlar farashin rayuwar tankunan da aka yi daga 5052 aluminum Circles ne 45.7% kasa da na 3003 tankuna, guje wa asarar aiki saboda yawan sauyawa da gyarawa.
3. ​Daidaitaccen Match:​​ 5052 Aluminum da'irori sun cika cikakkun buƙatun don kayan aikin jirgin ruwa a cikin ma'auni kamar GB150.4 da GB/T3880, alhali 3003 ba zai iya saduwa da ƙananan buƙatun don ƙarfi da juriya na lalata ba.

Zuwa gaba, yayin da manyan tankunan jiragen sama ke ci gaba da zuwa “nauyi mai nauyi da mafi girma matsa lamba” (e.g., 1.5 MPa manyan tankuna), ingantattun sigogin 5052 aluminum da'irori ga manyan motoci iska tankuna (e.g., 5052-H32, tare da yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ƙaru zuwa 160 MPa) za su kara karfafa matsayinsu na yau da kullun. Mai ma'ana, 3003 zai kasance a tsare ga ƙananan matsa lamba, ƙananan lalacewa maras mahimmancin tsarin, kuma iyakokin aikace-aikacen tsakanin su biyu a cikin sashin abin hawa na kasuwanci za su ci gaba da bambanta a fili.