Mafi kyawun tsayayye (O / H12 / H14) A cikin da'irar aluminium na daban-daban coiceware - Jagorar fasaha mai zurfi

Aluminum da'irar fushi Zaɓin shine mafi tasiri guda ɗaya mafi tasiri mai alaƙa da ƙarfe ƙarfe, forming makanikai, da kuma kammala aikin dafa abinci; Zuciya ta dace da tarko, rage scrap, kuma yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a lokacin mai zuwa da amfani.

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Takaitawa (sauri takeaways)

• Sa fushi (annealed) yana haɓaka ductility kuma shine tsoho don babban ma'aunin zane mai zurfi (>2.0), kadi, da hadaddun sifofi.
• H12 (~ ¼ wuya) sulhu ne ga matsakaici-zurfin kafawa inda ake buƙatar wasu bazara da ƙarfi.
• H14 (~ ½ wuya) yana ba da ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali mai girma don zane marar zurfi, dannawa, da tambari amma yana da saurin fashewa a ƙarƙashin nakasu mai tsanani.
• Dole ne a yi zaɓin da ya dace ta hanyar ƙetaren sinadarai na alloy, rabon zane da ake so, hanyar kafawa (zurfin-jawo / kadi / yin hatimi), kayan aiki geometry (mutu radius, karfi mai riƙe da komai), da kuma bayan kafa magani.

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1. Tushen ƙarfe: me zafin jiki ke canzawa

Tempering a aluminum takardar / da'irar samar da shi ne rikodin nakasar filastik da thermal magani wanda ya kafa da girman hatsi, dislocation yawa, da saura damuwa:

• Sa fushi: karshe anneal - recrystallized equiaxed hatsi, low dislocation yawa → high uniform elongation, ƙarancin yawan amfanin ƙasa. Mafi kyau don ƙirƙira-mafi rinjaye.
• H12: matsakaicin aikin sanyi wanda ke biye da tsufa na halitta - haɓakar haɓakawa mafi girma, elongated hatsi ta hanyar kauri, matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa da ƙarancin haɓaka fiye da O. Yana ba da ɗan juriya na bazara yayin da yake barin sake fasalin.
• H14: aikin sanyi mai nauyi - gagarumin aikin hardening, yawan amfanin ƙasa, iyaka elongation. Yana son daidaita iri, ƙara haɗarin wuya ko fashe idan rabon zane ya yi yawa.

Ma'ana ta zahiri: hatsi ilimin halittar jiki da rubutu anisotropy sarrafa inda kuma yadda kayan thins - ƙananan sasanninta radius, weld dinki, ko burrs sun zama masu fara fashewa idan fushi bai dace ba.

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2. Matsakaicin adadin injina (hali don 3003 gami da'ira)

Ƙimomi sune jeri na kwatanta da ake amfani da su a zaɓin masana'antu. Ya kamata siyayya ta ƙarshe ta yi amfani da takaddun shaida.

Tebur 1 - Na al'ada inji dukiya jeri (3003 nunin alloy)

Yadda ake karantawa: Ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa yana rage ƙarfin ƙirƙira; elongation shine ma'auni mai amfani don nasarar zane mai zurfi.

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3. Tsari taswirar taga - daidaita fushi da hanyar ƙirƙira

Don rage gwaji-da-kuskure akan layi, yi amfani da windows na tsari waɗanda ke haɗa ƙwararrun ƙwararru, mutu zane, da fushi.

Tebur 2 - Shawarar fushi ta hanyar ƙirƙira hanya da sigogin tsari na maɓalli

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4. Kayan aiki da sigogin sarrafawa waɗanda ke hulɗa da fushi

Ko da cikakken fushi ba zai yi kasala ba idan kayan aiki ko sarrafa tsari ya kasance m. Mahimman sigogi:

• Mutuwar radius na hanci: ƙananan radius mai daɗaɗɗa iri - mulkin babban yatsa: radius ≥ 6-8 × kauri takarda don zane mai zurfi a cikin O fushi.
• Lanƙwan ƙarfi mai ɗaukar hoto: yayi ƙasa sosai → wrinkling; yayi girma → tsagewa. Yi amfani da iko mai ci gaba (na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ko servo latsa).
• Lubrication film thickness: insufficient oil increases friction and local stress peaks; excess oil impairs coating adhesion. Aim for controlled oil dosing (industry typical: 40–120 mg/m² for forming).
• Gudu: higher forming speeds increase adiabatic heating and can change flow stress; keep stable speed and validate at target CPM.
• Ƙimar Edge: burrs or micro-notches cause crack initiation. Deburring and scarfing are mandatory for O temper deep-drawing.

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5. Inspection & acceptance criteria (what to require from supplier)

Set objective QC tests in purchase specifications:

• Mai zafi & elongation (3–5 samples per coil): require min elongation for O temper (e.g., ≥ 20% for deep-draw contracts).
• Metallography: girman hatsi, texture mapping across coil width.
• Pinhole mapping: maximum allowable pinhole density (e.g., ≤ 50/m² for cookware that will be pressed and coated).
• Daidaita kauri: ±3% across coil width for deep-draw tasks.
• Guda mai lankwasa: mai kaya yakamata ya samar da bayanan zafin tanderu ga kowane nau'in coil.
• Ƙunƙarar saman: Ra manufa don mannewa mara amfani (idan ya dace).

Nace a mai bayarwa PPAP-kamar gudu (labarin farko) lokacin canza fushi ko gami.

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6. Nazarin shari'ar (a cikin zurfafa) - Henan Huawei Aluminum Co., Ltd., Ltd: sarrafa fushi don layin kwanon frying mai girma

Al'amari

OEM kayan dafa abinci sun sami ci gaba da fashe baki da bawon lemu lokacin samar da babban ƙarshen 28 cm soya kwanon rufi akan layi mai sauri mai sauri. Suka shiga zagaye H12 don ƙoƙarin samun taurin kai, amma fashewar ta dage a a 0.7% ƙididdige ƙima - wanda ba a yarda da shi don layukan sarrafa kansa.

Henan Huawei mafita

Henan Huawei Aluminum Co., Ltd., Ltd ya gudanar da binciken injiniya na haɗin gwiwa kuma ya ba da shawara:

1. Canja zuwa 3003-O da'irori tare da madaidaicin zagayowar anneal don tabbatar da daidaitattun hatsi masu kyau.
2. Haƙuri haƙuri mai kauri zuwa ± 2.5% kuma isar da sarrafa kambi don hana ciyarwar eccentric.
3. Samar da fakitin gwaji na riga-kafi tare da kulawa da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun lubrication da mandrel daidai.
4. Horon fasahar kan-site a kan magudanar ruwa da masu ci gaba na OEM.

Sakamako

• Ƙimar kin amincewa ya ragu daga 0.7% → 0.05% a cikin farkon watan samarwa.
• Gudun layi ya ƙaru da 12% tare da kayan aiki iri ɗaya.
• Ƙarshe kwanon rufi ya nuna ingantacciyar mannewa mai rufi saboda ingantaccen shiri da ingantaccen tsarin hatsi.

Wannan lamarin yana nuna mahimmancin fushi da goyon bayan injiniya mai kaya.

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7. Shirya matsala gama gari masu alaƙa da gazawar haifar da fushi & magunguna

• Dome fashe a bangon sama → Mai yiyuwa ne saboda rashin isasshen tsawo (ba daidai ba). Magani: matsawa zuwa O fushi ko rage zane rabo; ƙara mutu radius.
• Rarraba Flange → Ƙarfafa aikin gida daga maimaituwar ɓarna; magani: tace babu komai, ƙara lubrication.
• Bawon lemu / m surface → Ƙanƙarar hatsi ko ƙara mara kyau; magani: bukatar tace hatsi (gyara anneal maroki).
• Magudanar ruwa mai yawa bayan kafa → Haushi da yawa (H14); magani: yi amfani da H12 ko O bi ta hanyar sake-sakewa mai sarrafawa/taurin idan ana buƙatar tauri.

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8. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu dacewa don aikin injiniyan sayayya

1. Ƙayyade hanyar ƙira ta ƙarshe da zana rabo.
2. Ƙayyade gami (3003 gama gari; 1050/1060 don ƙananan ƙarfin juyi; 3004 domin mafi girma ƙarfi trays).
3. Nemi ɗan takara mai fushi(s) da kuma maroki gwajin injiniyoyi (yawa, tensile, elongation).
4. Gudu ƙananan rukunin matukin jirgi (labarin farko) da ƙididdige ƙimar log, kauri bambancin, da kuma shafi mannewa.
5. Makulle ƙayyadaddun fushi da haɗa rajistan ayyukan mai ba da kaya cikin yarda mai inganci.

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9. FAQ (niyya, m)

Q1: Za a iya taurare sassan fushi bayan kafa?
A1: Ee - ta hanyar sarrafa nau'i mai ƙarfi ko hanyoyin magance zafi idan an zartar. Yawancin masana'antun suna ƙirƙira a cikin O sannan shekaru/taurare don cimma ƙarfin ƙarshe.

Q2: Shin H14 ya taɓa dacewa da bangarorin dafa abinci?
A2: H14 ya dace da sassa masu hatimi mara zurfi (murfi, lebur faranti) inda nakasawa ba ta da yawa kuma an ba da fifiko ga kwanciyar hankali.

Q3: Ta yaya zan ƙididdige tsayin daka karɓuwa?
A3: Yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen ƙirƙirar gwaji; don zurfafa zana nufin nada elongation ≥ 20% (3003-Ya hali). Don H12 layin na iya karɓar 10-15% dangane da lissafi.

Q4: Yaya mahimmancin ƙugiya mai yawa don zaɓin fushi?
A4: Very - pinholes suna aiki azaman abubuwan damuwa kuma za su yi muni tare da manyan nau'ikan. Ƙarƙashin ƙyalli ya zama wajibi don zane mai zurfi.

Q5: Yadda tsarin sutura ke hulɗa da fushi?
A5: Haushi yana haifar da mafi santsi don suturar da ba ta daɗe; H-zazzabi na iya buƙatar ƙarin ƙarewar ƙasa don amincin shafi.

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Ƙarshe

A tsauri, hanyar injiniya-kore zuwa aluminum da'irar fushi zabi yana rage tarkace, yana ƙara saurin layi, kuma yana inganta ingancin kayan dafa abinci na ƙarshe. Dole ne a zaɓi fushi a matsayin mai canza tsarin - gami, hanyar kafawa, kayan aiki geometry, man shafawa, da iyawar mai ba da kaya komai komai. Yi aiki tare da masu samar da kayayyaki kamar Henan Huawei Aluminum Co., Ltd., Ltd wanda ke ba da bincike na fasaha, anneal records, da goyan bayan matukin jirgi don yin zaɓin zafin da za a iya tsinkaya da maimaitawa.

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