Wahalar karewa na 3003 Aluminum Discs na goro zai iya zama ƙasa: Kulawa da Barring a ƙarƙashin yanayin cika yanayin zafin jiki

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Wannan farar takarda ta binciko halayen thermal-mechanical da dabarun sarrafa tsari na 3003 aluminum fayafai ga goro iya kasa a karkashin yanayin zafi mai zafi. Batun mai maimaitawa a cikin masana'antar gwangwani na goro shine kumburin thermal ko murdiya a ƙasa bayan cika da abun ciki mai zafi. (yawanci 80-95 ° C). Wannan nakasawa yana lalata amincin samfur, fahimtar mabukaci, da aminci marufi.

Don magance wannan, binciken yayi bincike akan rawar damuwa taimako annealing a cikin rage raguwar tarin damuwa a cikin 3003 gami microstructure. Ta hanyar inganta yanayin zafi, lokaci, da sanyaya rates, masana'antun za su iya rage kumburi yadda ya kamata ba tare da sadaukar da tauri ko tsari ba. Takardar ta haɗu da samfuran ka'idoji, ka'idodin ƙarfe, da ƙwaƙƙwaran bayanai da aka samo daga gwajin sikelin samarwa.

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1. Shigowa da

Yayin da kasuwar hada-hadar goro da kayan ciye-ciye ta duniya ke ci gaba da fadada, Marufi na ƙarfe mai nauyi ya zama zaɓin da aka fi so don babban aiki da aikace-aikace masu dorewa. Amfanin Aluminum - nauyi mai sauƙi, juriya na lalata, da kyakkyawan tsari - sanya shi babban abu don goro iya kasa.

Duk da haka, Hanyoyin cikawa yawanci sun haɗa da ɗaukar zafi da matakan haifuwa waɗanda ke fallasa jikin jiki da ƙasa zuwa yanayin zafi na tsawan lokaci.. Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin faɗaɗa thermal da matsalolin da suka wanzu a baya na iya haifar da thermal kumburi, wanda ke katse hatimin iska kuma zai iya lalata jumlolin samfur.

Manufar wannan farar takarda ita ce gano hanyoyin magance matakan-tsari don wannan batu ta hanyar damuwa taimako annealing ingantawa. Garin da aka zaɓa, 3003 aluminum, kayan jerin Al-Mn ne mai matsakaicin ƙarfi, Madalla da juriya, da kuma filastik mai kyau - kaddarorin da suka dace don ƙirƙirar da aikace-aikacen hatimi.

Manufar wannan binciken shine:

• Ƙididdige yadda raguwar damuwa na damuwa ke shafar rarraba damuwa na ciki;
• Ƙayyade ingantattun sigogin annealing don rage ƙuruciya;
• Tabbatar da yuwuwar masana'antu tare da babban aiki da ingantaccen inganci;
• Samar da jagororin fasaha a ƙarƙashin ASTM B209, GB/T 3880, kuma NBB 00152002 ƙa'idoji.

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2. Bayanin Kayan Aiki: 3003 Aluminum Alloy

2.1 Haɗin Gishiri

3003 aluminum gami da farko ya ƙunshi aluminum tare da manganese a matsayin babban alloying element, yawanci a cikin kewayon 1.0-1.5 %. Gano adadin tagulla (0.05-0.2 %) Hakanan ana haɗa su don haɓaka ƙarfi kaɗan.

Wannan abun da ke ciki yana tabbatar da lafiya, barga tsarin hatsi wanda ke kula da ƙarfi bayan aikin sanyi kuma yana ba da damar sauƙaƙe damuwa ba tare da fashewar recrystallization ba.

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2.2 Kayan Injini da Kayan Jiki

Mai laushi (O) Yanayin fushi yana da kyau don zane mai zurfi da kafa cikin gwangwani. Duk da haka, Dole ne a kula da saura danniya da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun tsari daga tsarin hatimi a hankali don guje wa nakasu a ƙarƙashin zafi.

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3. Injiniyan Bugawa Karkashin Cike Zazzabi

Lokacin cika zafi, Gwangwani na goro suna fuskantar yanayin zafi tsakanin 80-100 ° C. Ƙungiyar ƙasa, hada da bakin ciki 3003 aluminum fayafai, gogewar haɓakar thermal nonuniform.

Abubuwan da ke biyowa suna ba da gudummawa ga kumburi:

1. Ragowar Damuwa daga Aikin Sanyi:
   Yin tambari da zane mai zurfi suna gabatar da matsi da matsananciyar damuwa a cikin kaurin diski.
2. Thermal Gradient yayin Cikowa:
   Fuskar ciki tana yin zafi da sauri yayin da waje ya kasance mai sanyaya, haifar da fadada bambancin.
3. Rashin isassun Taimakon Matsi:
   Idan annealing bai cika ba, riƙe danniya yana aiki tare da matsananciyar zafi, tura kasa waje.
4. Rashin isasshen Kauri ko Tsarin hatsi:
   Hatsi marasa tsari ko iyakoki marasa ƙarfi suna ƙarfafa samar da ƙasa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.

Finite element models and metallographic analysis reveal that the bulging stress tends to peak at 70–90% of yield strength for unannealed samples, yayin da wadanda aka shafe sun kasance ƙasa da 40% - yana nuna tasiri na rage damuwa.

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4. Tushen Taimakon Taimakon Damuwa

Taimakon danniya yana nufin rage damuwa na ciki ba tare da gagarumin ci gaban hatsi ko asarar ƙarfi ba. Domin 3003 aluminum fayafai ga goro iya kasa, Matsakaicin zafin jiki mai mahimmanci yana tsakanin 250-380 ° C.

4.1 Ƙa'idar Farko da Recrystallization

• Matakin Farfadowa (250-310 ° C):
  Sake tsarawa da halaka yana faruwa, rage yawan damuwa ba tare da canza yanayin halittar hatsi ba.
• Sake recrystallization (310-360 ° C):
  Sabbin hatsi suna haɓaka tare da iyakoki masu ƙarfi, inganta ductility da danniya uniformity.
• Over-Annealing (>380 ° C):
  Girman hatsi mai yawa yana raunana mutuncin tsarin kuma yana rage juriya na inji zuwa kumbura.

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4.2 Maɓallin Sarrafa Maɓalli

Riko da waɗannan sigogi sunyi daidai da GB/T 3190, ASTM B918, kuma NBB 00202003 jagororin aiwatarwa.

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5. Hanyar Gwaji

An gudanar da gwajin sikelin masana'antu a Shenzhen Huawi Aluminum Co., Ltd. amfani 0.65 mm-kauri, 95 mm diamita 3003 aluminum fayafai.

5.1 Saitin Gwaji

• Tanderu: Ci gaba da tanderun murɗa nau'in bel tare da sarrafa PID
• Yanayin yanayi: Nitrogen + 0.5% hydrogen
• Aunawa: Ma'aunin ma'auni da gano fatun gani
• Cika Kwaikwayo: 95 °C ruwa mai narkewa don 2 mintuna, rufe nan da nan

5.2 Samfurin Matrix

5.3 Tattaunawar Sakamako

Samfuran da aka goge tsakanin 320-340 ° C sun nuna mafi ƙarancin kumbura (<1 mm). Zazzabi a sama 370 °C ya haifar da murƙushe ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, yana haifar da raguwar kwanciyar hankali na inji.

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6. Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙira

Optical microscopy and SEM analysis revealed that pre-annealed samples had elongated grains (rabon al'amari >2.5), yayin da mafi kyawuwa samfuran da aka goge sun nuna daidaitattun hatsi (15-20 m).

An tabbatar da taswirar damuwa ta hanyar rarrabawar X-ray:

• Kamar birgima: 38–42MPa saura damuwa
• Bayan annealing a 330 °C/60 min: 12 MPa
• Rage rabo: 70%

Wannan yana daidaita kai tsaye tare da ci gaban da aka lura a cikin flatness da juriya mai kumbura.

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7. Samfurin Haɓaka Tsari

An ƙirƙiri ma'auni mai ma'ana don hasashen mafi kyawun zafin jiki (T_fita) a matsayin aiki na sanyi rage rabo (R) da kuma manufa danniya (σ_manufa):

[T_{ficewa} = 290 + 0.9R + 0.8\sigma_{manufa}]

Inda R ke cikin kashi da σ_manufa a MPa.

Misali:

za R = 35% da σ_manufa = 12 MPa,
[T_{ficewa} = 290 + 0.9(35) + 0.8(12) = 343.6 ° C]

Wannan yana da alaƙa da mafi kyawun kewayon gwaji na 320-340 ° C.

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8. Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu da Tabbatarwa

8.1 Haɗin kai cikin Masana'antu

Layukan masana'antu a Huawi Aluminum sun aiwatar da ingantacciyar ƙa'idar annealing:

• Ci gaba da murɗa tanderun da aka saita a 335 ° C
• Gudun layi: 1.2 m/mu
• Sanyaya tare da sarrafa iska (8 °C/min)

Binciken bayan aiwatarwa ya nuna a 92% raguwa a cikin ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙima da kuma a 12% inganta cikin kwanciyar hankali mai girma.

8.2 Ayyuka a ƙarƙashin Sharuɗɗan Cika na Gaskiya

• Cika mai zafi: 92 °C cakuda man gyada
• Rike lokaci: 3 min
• Sanyi: na halitta iska convection

Ba a lura da kumbura a ciki ba >98% na samfurori bayan 24 h ajiya.

8.3 Tasirin Tattalin Arziki

Ƙarfafa ƙarfin makamashi ya ƙaru 8% saboda rage yawan zubar da jini, yayin da samfurin kin amincewa ya ragu daga 3.4% ku 0.3%.

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9. Tattaunawa

Bincike ya tabbatar da cewa damuwa taimako annealing Na'urar tana da matuƙar rage nakasar zafi ta hanyar daidaita tsarin tarwatsewa da kuma tace iyakokin hatsi.

Mabuɗin Dubawa:

1. Bugawa ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar girman danniya na saura, ba ilimin kimiyya ba.
2. Gilashin zafin jiki yayin cikawa suna haɓaka filayen damuwa da suka kasance a baya.
3. Sarrafa annealing (320-340 ° C) yana ba da mafi kyawun sasantawa tsakanin taimako na damuwa da riƙewar injina.
4. Sikelin masana'antu na wannan tsari yana haɓaka aminci da daidaiton alama.

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10. Ƙarshe

1. Rage Matsi:
   Ingantaccen taimako na damuwa annealing a 330 ± 10 °C na 45-60 min yana rage damuwa na ciki da ~ 70%.
2. Sarrafa Bugawa:
   Za a iya iyakance tsayin ƙuruciya zuwa <1.0 mm, tabbatar da mutuncin gani da tsari.
3. Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa:
   Kyawawan hatsi masu daidaitawa suna haɓaka ƙarfin samar da daidaito yayin da suke riƙe kyakkyawan tsari.
4. Yiwuwar Masana'antu:
   Ci gaba da murhun murhun wuta da tsarin sanyaya mai sarrafawa suna tabbatar da sake haifuwa a sikelin.
5. Amfanin Tattalin Arziki:
   Aiwatar tana adana kusan dalar Amurka 0.018 kowace gwangwani ta hanyar rage lahani da ingantaccen kayan aiki.

Wannan ingantaccen tsari yana kunna 3003 aluminum fayafai ga goro iya kasa don saduwa da ma'auni masu inganci na ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma tsawaita aiwatar da su a cikin mahalli mai zafi mai zafi.